Python random Module: Games, Tests, and Simulations

Key Functions

import random
random.randint(1, 6)        # 1..6 inclusive
random.randrange(0, 10, 2)  # 0,2,4,6,8
random.random()             # 0.0–1.0
random.uniform(1.5, 2.5)    # float in range
random.choice(["a","b","c"])# one element
random.choices(lst, k=5)    # with replacement
random.sample(lst, k=3)     # without replacement
random.shuffle(lst)         # in-place

Reproducible Randomness

random.seed(42)
print(random.randint(1, 100))  # same number every run

Dice-Roll Simulator

import random
rolls = [random.randint(1, 6) for _ in range(1000)]
for face in range(1, 7):
    print(face, rolls.count(face))

Secure Randomness

For passwords or tokens, use secrets, not random:

import secrets
token = secrets.token_hex(16)